八正颗粒与左氧氟沙星对单纯性急性尿路感染患者血清PCT及IL-8水平的影响及其临床疗效

目的:探讨八正颗粒联合左氧氟沙星对单纯性急性尿路感染血清降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平及临床疗效的影响。方法:选取我院泌尿科收治的单纯性急性尿路感染72例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组36例。对照组患者予以左氧氟沙星治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上予以八正颗粒治疗。观察并记录两组间血清降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平、症状改善时间、临床疗效及不良反应的发生情况。结果:对照组治疗有效率为72.22%,显著低于观察组(91.67%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组尿路疼痛、腰痛、尿频、尿急等症状改善所需的时间均明显短于对照组,治疗后血清PCT、IL-8水平显著低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:八正颗粒联合左氧氟沙星治疗单纯性急性尿路感染的临床效果较单用左氧氟沙星治疗更好,且能有效降低患者血清PCT、IL-8水平。     

绵羊肺源性致病性大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定

【目的】近年来,羊呼吸系统疾病日益频发,由肠外致病性大肠杆菌感染引起的呼吸道疾病也日渐增多,给养羊业带来了一定经济损失。本文旨在确定新疆石河子地区某羊场表现为呼吸道感染症状的病死羔羊的细菌性病原及其特性。【方法】采用细菌常规分离鉴定结合16S rRNA基因序列分析的方法从发病羔羊的肺脏中分离鉴定细菌,并对分离株进行药敏试验、特异基因PCR检测、小鼠致病性试验及肺脏组织的病理学观察。【结果】从病死羔羊肺脏组织分离得到一株致病性大肠杆菌,该分离株呈多重耐药现象,检测到iutA、fyuA和ireA三种毒力基因;病变肺脏肺泡壁毛细血管充血,界限不清,支气管管腔充血,周围淋巴细胞浸润、增生。【结论】从病死羔羊肺中分离的细菌性病原是肠外致病性大肠杆菌(ExPEC)。     

Localization of nucleoside transporters in rat epididymis

The epididymis relies on transporters for the secretion of nucleosides and influence the disposition of nucleoside analogs (NSA). Since these compounds can cross the blood–testis barrier (BTB), it is important to understand if the epididymis reabsorbs NSA drugs. The purpose of this study is to determine the localization of nucleoside transporters expressed within rat epididymis to demonstrate the potential of epididymal reabsorption. Using immunohistochemistry, we determined that equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) is localized to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells, ENT2 is expressed in the nucleus of the epithelium and CNT2 is expressed by basal cells. The expression pattern for these transporters suggests that nucleosides are able to access the epithelial cells of the epididymal duct via the blood, but not from the lumen. We did not find any evidence for a transepithelial reabsorption pathway indicating the NSA drugs that cross the BTB remain within the epididymis.     

保幼激素类似物对斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒增殖的影响

分别用5×10⁶,1×10⁷,5×10⁷,1×10⁸ PIBs/mL 4种浓度的斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(SpltNPV)感染斜纹夜蛾末龄幼虫（第6龄）,并于同龄期以10μg/头的保幼激素类似物(JHA) methoprene分别对各感染组进行点滴处理,以研究JHA对SpltNPV增殖的影响。研究表明,与对照组相比各不同浓度处理组病毒总产量分别提高227.06%、128.71%、52.62%、33.15%,平均单头病毒含量分别提高49.15%、48.40%、36.40%和31.11%,病毒感染死亡率分别提高119.21%、52.72%、12.64%和1.12%。其中以1×10.7 PIBs/mL感染再经JHA处理的病毒总产量和平均单头病毒含量最高,分别为1 701.8×10⁸PIBs和60.1×10⁸ PIBs。各处理组的病毒总产量和平均单头病毒含量均显著高于其对照组。在此基础上,进一步研究了JHA对染毒与未染毒宿主消化生理的影响。结果表明,JHA处理不仅延长了6龄幼虫的寿命,增加了其取食量,而且还显著提高了幼虫的食物转化率和病毒产量。     

缺血/再灌注时豚鼠左心室流出道自律组织电活动的改变及药物干预效应

目的：研究缺血/再灌注（I/R）时豚鼠离体左心室流出道自律组织电活动的改变及其药物干预效应。方法：采用标准玻璃微电极细胞内电位记录技术,记录豚鼠离体左心室流出道标本的自发慢反应电位,观测模拟I/R时该电位的改变,以及临床上常用的抗心律失常药物灌流标本时对I/R电生理效应的干预作用。观测指标：4相自动除极速度（VDD）、自发放电频率（RPF）、最大舒张电位（MDP）、0相最大除极速度（V_max）、动作电位幅度（APA）、复极50%和90%时间（APD₅₀和APD₉₀）。结果：①与对照组相比,I 10 min组VDD和RPF明显减慢（P<0.05）,V_max加快（P<0.01）,APA增大（P<0.01）。与I 10 min组和对照组相比,R 2 min组VDD和RPF明显加快（P<0.01）,且在R至5 min过程中可出现明显节律不齐,MDP绝对值明显增大（P<0.05）,V_max与对照组相比明显加快（P<0.05）,APA与I 10 min组相比明显下降（P<0.05）,但仍显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,APD₅₀和APD₉₀显著缩短（P<0.01）。R 15 min组自发慢反应电位各项指标逐渐恢复至对照组水平。②与I 10min/R 2 min组相比,1 μmol/L利多卡因、10 μmol/L普罗帕酮、1 μmol/L胺碘酮、1 μmol/L维拉帕米、50 μmol/L腺苷和10 μmol/L硝普钠均可明显改善R过程中VDD和RPF的改变以及由此引起的节律不齐。结论：I/R可触发左心室流出道自律组织电活动异常,这种效应在应用不同的抗心律失常药物灌流时可显著恢复。     

Mobile larynx in Mongolian gazelle: Retraction of the larynx during rutting barks in male Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa Pallas, 1777)

This study provides the first evidence of pronounced temporary laryngeal descent in a bovid species. An elaborate acoustic display is prominent in male courtship behavior of polygynous Mongolian gazelle. During rut, rounding up of females is accompanied by continuous head‐up barking by dominant males. Throughout the rut their evolutionarily enlarged larynx descends to a low mid‐neck resting position. In the course of each bark the larynx is additionally retracted toward the sternum by 30% of the resting vocal tract length. A geometric model of active larynx movements was constructed by combining results of video documentation, dissection, skeletonization, and behavioral observation. The considerable distance between resting position and maximal laryngeal descent suggests a backward tilting of the hyoid apparatus and an extension of the thyrohyoid connection during the retraction phase. Return to the resting position is effected by strap muscles and by the elastic recoil of the pharynx and the thyrohyoid connection. An intrapharyngeal inflation of the peculiar palatinal pharyngeal pouch of adult males is inferred from a short‐time expansion of the ventral neck region rostral to the laryngeal prominence. The neck of adult dominant males is accentuated by long gray guard hairs during the rut. The passive swinging of the heavy larynx of adult males during locomotion gives the impression of a handicap imposed on rutting males. Apparently, this disadvantage becomes outweighed by the profits for reproductive success. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II inhibits growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera

Abstract  Bitter gourd ( Momordica charantia L.) seeds contain several squash-type serine proteinase inhibitors (PIs), which inhibit the digestive proteinases of the polyphagous insect pest Helicoverpa armigera . In the present work isolation of a DNA sequence encoding the mature peptide of a trypsin inhibitor McTI-II, its cloning and expression as a recombinant protein using Pichia pastoris have been reported. Recombinant McTI-II inhibited bovine trypsin at 1: 1 molar ratio, as expected, but did not inhibit chymotrypsin or elastase. McTI-II also strongly inhibited trypsin-like proteinases (81% inhibition) as well as the total proteolytic activity of digestive proteinases (70% inhibition) from the midgut of H. armigera larvae. The insect larvae fed with McTI-II-incorporated artificial diet suffered over 70% reduction in the average larval weight after 12 days of feeding. Moreover, ingestion of McTI-II resulted in 23% mortality in the larval population. The strong antimetabolic activity of McTI-II toward H. armigera indicates its probable use in developing insect tolerance in susceptible plants.     

石磺消化系统的组织学观察

对石磺消化系统各部分结构进行组织学观察.石磺的消化系统由消化道和消化腺两部分组成.消化道包括口、食道、贲门胃、幽门胃、中肠和后肠,不具吻;消化腺包括肝胰腺、唾液腺和肛门腺.在光学显微镜下,消化道由粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和外膜4层组成;肌层主要为环肌,粘膜层主要为柱状细胞.肝胰腺甚为发达,组织结构显示肝胰腺由很多分支的腺管组成,腺管由腺细胞、分泌细胞等组成.唾液腺和肛门腺发达.     

4种生态类群中10种鸟消化系统的形态学比较

本文从生态类群角度,对游禽(绿头鸭、秋沙鸭、鹊鸭、斑嘴鸭)、鸣禽(红尾伯劳、白头鹀、白眉鹀)、猛禽(雕鸮、金雕)和涉禽(苍鹭)这4种生态类群中10种鸟的消化系统形态结构进行了比较分析.研究获得各项基础数据,通过比较表明,4种生态类群10种鸟类消化系统形态多处存在明显差异.对于不同生态类群的鸟类来说,食性、食物的质量及活动特点等是影响消化系统形态的重要因素.